Književnost kot diskurzivni dogodek ali Švicarke v zgodovini in na literarni sceni / Literature as a discursive event or Swiss women in history and on the literary stage

Povzetek: Švicarke so v večjem številu prišle na literarno sceno šele po letu 1971. V članku se ukvarjamo z vprašanjem, zakaj tako pozno. Pri tem ugotavljamo, da je književnost diskurzivni dogodek inda o usodi literarnih del ne odloča le njihova estetska vrednost, ampak tudi vladajoči diskurz, ki vpliva na produktivno in receptivno raven; kaj se sme pisati, kdo sme pisati, kaj se sme objavljati in kaj ne. Pri tem je odločilno, da so Švicarke na zvezni ravni volilno pravico dobile šele leta 1971. V članku smo orisali nekaj del, ki prikazujejo zgodovino žensk v Švici in iz katerih postane jasno, zakaj jih na literarni sceni dolgo ni bilo. Tudi iz definicije švicarskega stila in iz obravnave v literarnih zgodovinah je razvidno, da je literatura diskurzivni dogodek, ženske pa so prav zato v moškem svetu dolgo ostale prezrte.

Ključne besede: književnost, ki jo ustvarjajo ženske, švicarska književnost, zgodovina, zgodovina žensk, literarna zgodovina, volilna pravica žensk.

Abstract: The article deals with the question of why Swiss women were late entrants on the literary scene. We understand literature as a discoursive event-meaning that the destiny of literary works is not decided by their aesthetic value alone, but also by the prevailing discourse, which influences the production and reception of literary works; it decides who is allowed to write, what one is allowed to write, what one can publish and what is prohibited. For Swiss female writers, it was crucial that voting rights on the federal level were gained by women in Switzerland only in 1971. In this article, we introduce works dealing with the history of women in Switzerland and elucidating why female writes were for such a long time absent from the literary scene. The definition of the "Swiss literary style" at the beginning of the 20th century and the handling of works by female authors in literary histories both clarify that literature is a discursive event, from which Swiss female writers were long excluded.

Key words: female authors, Swiss literature, history, female history, literary history, voting rights.